To obtain certification, a product must be subjected by accredited laboratories to a crash test (impact test) according to standards IWA 14-1, PAS 68 and ASTM F2656.
Based on the type of certification that you want to achieve, the crash test will be performed using a truck with a specific weight and the speed that the impact against a bollard will determine the level of resistance, establishing the class of protection.
The level of protection can help you understand which product is best suited to your needs.